Presentation — Hell or High Lactate
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Selected References (Key Readings)
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Review Article
- Suetrong B, Walley KR. Chest 2016; 149(1):252-261. Lactic Acidosis in Sepsis: It’s Not All Anaerobic. Implications for Diagnosis and Management.
- Levy, Bruno. Current Opinion in Critical Care 2006, 12:315. Lactate and shock state: the metabolic view.
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Biochemistry of Lactate Production
- Robergs RA, Ghiasvand F, Parker D. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 287: R502–R516, 2004. Biochemistry of exercise-induced metabolic acidosis.
- James JH, Luchette FA, McCarter FD, Fischer JE. Lancet 1999;354:505. Lactate is an unreliable indicator of tissue hypoxia in injury or sepsis.
- Lindinger MI, Kowalchuck JM, Heigenhauser GJF. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 289: R891, 2005. Applying physicochemical principles to skeletal muscle acid-base status.
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Lactate Measurements
- Lavery RF, Livingston DH, Tortella BJ, Sambol JT, Slomovitz BM, Siegel JH. The utility of venous lactate to triage injured patients in the trauma center. J Am Coll Surg 2000;190:656-64.
- Younger JG, Falk JL, Rothrock SG. Relationship between arterial and peripheral venous lactate levels. Acad Emerg Med 1996;3:730-4.
- Middleton P, Kelly AM, Brown J, Robertson M. Agreement between arterial and central venous values for pH, bicarbonate, base excess, and lactate. Emerg Med J 2006;23:622-4.
- Jones AE, Leonard MM, Hernandez-Nino J, Kline JA. Determination of the effect of in vitro time, temperature, and tourniquet use on whole blood venous point-of-care lactate concentrations. Acad Emerg Med 2007;14:587-91.
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Lactate Elevation Association with Mortality
- Nichol AD, Egi M, Pettila V, et al. Relative hyperlactatemia and hospital mortality in critically ill
patients: a retrospective multi-centre study. Crit Care 2010;14:R25. - Mikkelsen ME, Miltiades AN, Gaieski DF, et al. Serum lactate is associated with mortality in severe
sepsis independent of organ failure and shock. Crit Care Med 2009;37:1670-7. - Mizock BA, Falk JL. Lactic acidosis in critical illness. Crit Care Med 1992;20:80-93.
- Howell MD, Donnino M, Clardy P, Talmor D, Shapiro NI. Occult hypoperfusion and mortality in
patients with suspected infection. Intensive Care Med 2007;33:1892-9. - Shapiro NI, Howell MD, Talmor D, et al. Serum lactate as a predictor of mortality in emergency
department patients with infection. Ann Emerg Med 2005;45:524-8. - Cady LD, Jr., Weil MH, Afifi AA, Michaels SF, Liu VY, Shubin H. Quantitation of severity of critical
illness with special reference to blood lactate. Crit Care Med 1973;1:75-80. - Aduen J, Bernstein WK, Khastgir T, et al. The use and clinical importance of a substrate-specific
electrode for rapid determination of blood lactate concentrations. JAMA 1994;272:1678-85.
- Nichol AD, Egi M, Pettila V, et al. Relative hyperlactatemia and hospital mortality in critically ill
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Lactate Clearance
- Jones AE, Shapiro NI, Trzeciak S, Arnold RC, Claremont HA, Kline JA. Lactate clearance vs central venous oxygen saturat